A SCHOLARLY PAPER
Presented as partial fulfillment of the requirement For the final examination of Assalaam High School Pabelan Kartasura Sukoharjo Central Java Indonesia By:
UMAR IBROHIM
Reg. Number : **.****
Class : Third Program : ****** ******
THE ASSALAAM HIGH SCHOOL PABELAN KARTASURA SUKOHARJO CENTRAL JAVA INDONESIA 2013-2014
Day : ………………………………………
Date : ………………………………………
Principal Counselor
Rojab Sya’ban, S. Ag Ramadhan, M. Pd
“Love that can’t be tested is a love that can’t be trusted”
Dedication
1. For Allah, the Almighty and the Lord of the universe
2. For my Mommy and Daddy, the most beloved after Allah and Muhammad
3. For my little brothers
4. For the young Mujahideen in all nations
5. For all my friends in the whole world
6. For everybody who wants to take a lesson
This paper is a fulfillment of final assignment in Assalaam Islamic Boarding School. The writer wouldn't finish this paper without help, support, and suggestion from other side. And the writer wants to show his gratitude to:
1. Allah, Lord of the universe, who is the One and Only
2. Mother and Father, who’ve been giving support and love
3. Mr. Sukarno, the counselor who gave help to the writer
4. Mr. Trisnojoyo Khottob, the principal who gave the writer opportunity to write this paper
And finally, the writer hopes this paper could be a little benefit for everybody, and if anybody finds mistakes, please let the writer know. If things go wrong it from the writer and if things go right is from Allah.
Sukoharjo, March 2nd 2014
The Writer
PAGE OF LEGALIZATION ii
PAGE OF MOTTO iii
DEDICATION iv
PAGE OF ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1
A. The Reason of Choosing the Title 1
B. Formulation and Scope of Problems 2
C. Purpose of Research 2
D. Limitation of the Problem 3
E. Method of Study 3
F. System of Writing 3
CHAPTER II: THE BASIS OF THEORY 5
A. Definition of Brotherhood 5
1. Brotherhood in General 5
2. Brotherhood in Islam 5
3. The Importance of Brotherhood in Muslim Community 7
B. Definition of Jihad 9
1. Definition of Jihad According to Lugha 9
2. Definition of Jihad According to Sharia (Islamic Law) 10
3. Types of Jihad 12
a. Fardhu Kifaya 14
b. Fardhu ‘Ain 14
i. If the Imam/Caliph mobilizes the war for certain groups
of Muslim citizens 14
ii. If two fleets facing each other 15
iii. If the enemy attacks Muslim territory 16
c. The issues over Jihad nowadays 16
C. The importance of spirit of Jihad 20
D. Relationship between Brotherhood and Spirit of Jihad 20
CHAPTER III: DISCUSSION OF PROBLEMS 23
A. The Condition of Brotherhood in Assalaam Community 23
B. The Condition of Spirit of Jihad in Assalaam Community 27
C. The Importance of Brotherhood and Spirit of Jihad in Assalaam 30
D. Teaching of Jihad 32
CHAPTER IV: CLOSING 34
A. Conclusion 34
B. Suggestion 34
BIBLIOGRAPHY 36
CURRICULUM VITAE 37
Chapter I
Introduction
A. The Reason of Choosing the Title
Assalaam isn't an ordinary school, it's also a community. It has a very various people; it has many people from different backgrounds gathered in such narrow place, boarding school. Sometimes, it's called the miniature of
There are so many languages brought by the students, so it would be so complicated. In this case, our national language (Bahasa Indonesia) is very important, Bahasa Inodnesia became the main language among the students. English and Arabic are the languages which the students (santri) are supposed to speak. But in the reality those two languages aren't quite well used in daily basis, people rather speak Javanese (Bahasa Jawa) in daily basis.
Besides the language there are still many concerns that make more problems. The sense of Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad in our community is still very low. Those things often cause some problems like misunderstanding, chaos, laziness, fighting, and so forth.
And I hope this paper could be a problem solver to deal with those problems in Assalaam community, and help to improve the knowledge about Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad.
B. formulation and Scope of Problems
In writing this paper, writer relates to some formulation of problems:
1. How do the people treat another in Assalaam Community?
2. Do the people really think about Jihad and use the spirit of Jihad to strive every day?
3. Do the people consider Qur'an and Hadith as the guidance in maintaining Brotherhood and the spirit of Jihad?
And here are some scopes of problems:
1. Definition of Brotherhood
A. Definition of Brotherhood according to Islam
B. The importance of Brotherhood in Muslim community
2. Definition of Jihad
A. Definition of Jihad according to Islam (Sharia)
B. The Types of Jihad
C. The Issues over Jihad nowadays
D. The Important of Spirit of Jihad
3. Relation between Brotherhood and Spirit of Jihad
C. Purpose of Research
The purposes of writing this scholarly paper:
· General purpose
In order to fulfill the requirement for following the final examination in Assalaam Islamic Senior High School
· Specific purpose
It’s made in order to understand more about Islamic Brotherhood and Spirit of Jihad and to make it easier in the application in our daily life.
D. Limitation of the Problems
1. Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad in general
2. Brotherhood and Spirit of Jihad in Islam
3. The importance of Brotherhood and Spirit of Jihad in Muslim community
E. Method of Study
In this paper, writer used the bibliographical method by collection data from book, articles, magazines, news paper, and internet.
F. System of Writing
In order to make clearer and easier to read the details of this paper, the writer made this desertification of chapters which consist of several points, such as follow:
Chapter I: Introduction: In this chapter the writer explains about the back ground of problems, reason for choosing the title, purpose of research, limitation of problems, method of study, and system of writing.
Chapter II: The Basic of Theory: In this chapter the writer identifies the subjects in this paper, the Brotherhood in some perspectives, stuff about Jihad, and the spirit of Jihad.
Chapter III: Discussion of the Problems: In this chapter the writer identifies the condition of Brotherhood and spirit Jihad in Assalaam community and gives result of inquiry.
Chapter IV: Conclusion: In this very last chapter the writer concludes the problems, gives suggestions, and gives some close words.
Chapter II
(The Basis of Theory)
A. Definition of Brotherhoods
1. Brotherhood in General
Here is the definition of Brotherhood according to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary; there are several meaning, such as:
- Relationship of brothers, comradeship
- Members of an association formed for a particular purpose, e.g. a religious society of socialist organization
We can say that the definition of Brotherhood in general is so wide; it can be Muslim, Christian, Jewish or even Socialist Brotherhood. So the writer is going to explain more detail about Brotherhood in Islam in the following sub-chapters.
2. Brotherhood in Islam
There are various types of Brotherhoods - Brotherhood based on blood relations, Brotherhood based on regional affiliations, or Brotherhood on the basis of race, caste, creeds, ideology, and so forth. But all these types of Brotherhood are limited in their scope, coverage and benefits.
Islam, on the other hand, prescribes Universal Brotherhood. It rejects the thought that human beings have been created in castes or in different levels. In the Glorious Qur’an, in Sura Hujurat, Chapter No. 49, Verse No. 13, Allah (SWT) describes the Islamic concept of Universal Brotherhood:
“O mankind! We have created you from a single (pair) of a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that you may know each other (not that you may despise each other). Verily the most honored of you in the sight of Allah is (he who is) the most Righteous of you. And God has full knowledge and is well acquainted (with all things).”
This Verse of the Glorious Qur’an indicates that the whole human race originated from a single pair of male and female. All humans have common great-grandparents and ancestors. Further, Allah (swt) says that he has made nations and tribes, so that humans can recognize each other, and not so that they may despise each other and fight amongst them.
This verse also clarifies that the criteria for judgment in the sight of Allah (swt) does not depend on caste, color, creed, gender or wealth, but on Taqwa - God consciousness, piety and righteousness. Anyone who is righteous, pious and God-consciousness, is honored in the sight of Allah (swt). Further it is stated in the Glorious Qur’an in Surah Ar-Rum verse. 22, that:
“And among His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the variations in your languages, and your colors: Verily in that are signs for those who know.”
These variations in color and language are not for the purpose of creating animosity or differences between groups of humans. Every language on earth has its own beauty and significance.
A foreign language may sound strange and funny to you, but it sounds sweet to those for whom it is the mother tongue.
Allah says in the Glorious Qur’an, in Surah Israa, Ch. 17, Verse 70:
“We have honored the sons of Adam”
Allah does not say that He has honored only the Arabs or the Americans or a particular race. He states that He has honored all the children of Adam, irrespective of race, caste, color, creed or gender.
And the Muslims are brothers and sisters to another.
[049:010] The believers are nothing else than brothers (in Islâmic religion). So make reconciliation between your brothers, and fear Allâh that you may receive mercy.
"A Muslim is the brother of another Muslim. He does not oppress him, nor does he leave him at the mercy of others." (Related by Imam Muslim)
3. The importance of Brotherhood in Muslim community
Brotherhood could be seen as bond or ties because it’s the point of togetherness. There would not be any Muslim community or obeying God’s commandments completely without togetherness of Muslims. And the Sharia or Islamic Law will not be able to be established without Muslim community.
With Islamic Brotherhood we will make a better world, because we are going to help our needy brothers and sisters. Nowadays many people are in hunger and scar, because their Muslim brothers and sisters don’t really care to them and even becoming threats to them. In the book of Hadith of Imam Muslim,
Bk 32, Number 6219:
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: “Don't nurse grudge and don't bid him out for raising the price and don't nurse aversion or enmity and don't enter into a transaction when the others have entered into that transaction and be as fellow−brothers and servants of Allah. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim. He neither oppresses him nor humiliates him nor looks down upon him. The piety is here, (and while saying so) he pointed towards his chest thrice. It is a serious evil for a Muslim that he should look down upon his brother Muslim. All things of a Muslim are inviolable for his brother in faith: his blood, his wealth and his honor.”
And also we have to love our Muslim brothers and sisters, wishing to sacrifice for them, giving our love to them, so we will have good relationship with them like the prophet wanted us to have.
And in another Hadith, Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him said: “You are not believed, until you love your brother as much as you love yourself” (Related by Imam al Bukhory and Muslim)
And we keep secret of our Muslim brothers and sisters and we don’t tell their bad stuff. Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him said: Whoever keep secret (bad stuff) of a Muslim, Allah will not show his bad stuff in the day of Judgment. (Related by Imam Muslim)
And there are a lot more criteria of Muslim Brotherhood which can be defined in the Qur’an, books of Hadith, and many other books.
B. Definition of Jihad
1. Definition of Jihad in Lugha or according to Arabic Literature
According to the book of Lisanul Arab, it’s said “Al Jahdu (Al-Jahd) means “Struggle.” And the word “Jihad” means “A concentrated efforts with deeds and sayings to achieve a goal by keep struggling and struggling until the goal is achieved”
And the word Al – Jihad in the verses which were revealed in
[029:006] And whosoever strives, he strives only for himself. Verily, Allâh stands not in need of any of the 'آlamîn (mankind, jinn, and all that exists).
[029:008] And We have enjoined on man to be good and dutiful to his parents; but if they strive to make you join with Me (in worship) anything (as a partner) of which you have no knowledge, then obey them not. To Me is your return and I shall tell you what you used to do.
[029:069] As for those who strive hard in Us (Our Cause), We will surely guide them to Our paths (i.e. Allâh's religion – Islâmic Monotheism). And verily, Allâh is with the Muhsinûn (good-doers)."
[031:015] But if they (both) strive with you to make you join in worship with Me others that of which you have no knowledge, then obey them not; but behave with them in the world kindly, and follow the path of him who turns to Me in repentance and in obedience. Then to Me will be your return, and I shall tell you what you used to do.
2. Definition of Jihad according to Sharia (Islamic Law)
The word Al - Jihad absolutely means “The War and concentrating effort to exalt the word of Allah (Islam)”. And according to Hanafi sect (Imam Hanafi’s thinking) it is “Concentrating the strength by going to the war in the path of Allah, with spirit, wealth, and saying and so forth.” (Al – Kisani, Badai’u Ash – Shanai’I 9/4299)
Ibn Rushd (Ave Rushd) said:
“Every man who tire out himself for the sake of Allah, so he’s really done Jihad in Allah’s path, except the saying “Jihad fie Sabilillah” explained truly means: “Going to the war against the unbelievers, until they come into Islam or paying the Jizya (paying tax to the Muslim government) and they submit to Muslim government as a higher authority.” (Muqaddima Ibn Rushd 1/369)
And Ibn Hajar said:”And it’s not necessary to think hard to understand the word Fie Sabilillah, it means Jihad”
The word Jihad in the 26 verses which revealed in the city of
[009:041] March forth, whether you are light (being healthy, young and wealthy) or heavy (being ill, old and poor), and strive hard with your wealth and your lives in the Cause of Allâh. This is better for you, if you but know.
[009:086] And when a Sûrah (chapter from the Qur'ân) is revealed, enjoining them to believe in Allâh and to strive hard and fight along with His Messenger peace be upon him, the wealthy among them ask your leave to exempt them (from Jihâd) and say, "Leave us (behind), we would be with those who sit (at home)."
And many other verses: QS Al-Baqarah 218 QS Al-Imran 142 QS An-Nisa 95 QS Al-Anfal 72, 74, 75 QS At-Taubah 16, 19, 20, 24, 44, 73, 81, 88 QS Al-Hujarat 15 QS Al-Maidah 35, 54 QS Al-Ankabut 6 QS As-Saf 11 QS At-Tahrim 9 QS Al-Mumtahanah 1 QS Muhammad 31
And in the book of Hadith of Imam al Bukhory, Bk. 52: Fighting for the Cause of Allah (Jihaad)
4.41:
Narrated `Abdullah bin Mas’ud: I asked Allah's Apostle,
"O Allah's Apostle! What is the best deed?" He replied, "To offer the prayers at their early stated fixed times." I asked, "What is next in goodness?" He replied, "To be good and dutiful to your parents." I further asked, what is next in goodness?" He replied, "To participate in Jihad in Allah's Cause." I did not ask Allah's Apostle anymore and if I had asked him more, he would have told me more.
4.42:
Narrated Ibn `Abbas: Allah's Apostle said, "There is no Hijra (i.e. migration) (from
3. The Types of Jihad
The word Jihad is derived from the verb jahada which means:" he exerted himself". Thus literally, Jihad means exertion, striving; but in juridical − religious sense, it signifies the exertion of one's power to the utmost of one's capacity in the cause of Allah. This is why the word Jihad has been used as the antonym to the word Qu, ud (sitting) in the Holy Qur'an (iv. 95). Thus Jihad in Islam is not an act of violence directed indiscriminately against the non−Muslims; it is the name given to an all−round struggle which a Muslim should launch against evil in whatever form or shape it appears. Qital fie sabilillah (fighting in the path of Allah) is only one aspect of Jihad.
Even this qital in Islam is not an act of mad brutality. It has its material and moral functions, i.e. self−preservation and the preservation of the moral order in the world. The verdict of all religious and ethical philosophies − ancient and modern − justify war on moral grounds. When one nation is assaulted by the ambitions and cupidity of another, the doctrine of non – resistance is anti – social, as it involves non – assertion, not only of one's own rights, but of those of others who need protection against the forces of tyranny and oppression. A Muslim is saddled with the responsibilities to protect him and all those who seek his protection. He cannot afford to abandon the defenseless people, old man, women and children to privation, suffering and moral peril. Fighting in Islam, therefore, represents in Islamic Law what is known among Western jurists as" just war". The very first revelation in which the permission to wage war against the forces of evil sums up the aims and objects of Jihad in Islam: "Permitted are those who are fought against, because they have been oppressed.”
Jihad verdict divided into two types: Fardhu ‘Ain and Fardhu Kifaya. According to Ibnul Musayyab, the verdict of Jihad is Fardhu ‘Ain and according to the majority of Ulama it is Fardhu Kifaya which is able to turn into Fardhu ‘Ain. It’s the most consensus of opinion among scholars which is agreed by the majority of Ulama.
a. Fardhu Kifaya
According to the majority of Ulama (Muslim scholars), it means “Fighting the unbelievers in their own country.” Understanding of Fardhu Kifaya is, if some parts of the Muslims are able to do, have taken the responsibility, so the entire Muslims are freed from this obligation. Otherwise, if none of them take the responsibility, the obligation is still valid, and the entire Muslims get the sin.
ž[004:095] Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home), except those who are disabled (by injury or are blind or lame), and those who strive hard and fight in the Cause of Allâh with their wealth and their lives. Allâh has preferred in grades those who strive hard and fight with their wealth and their lives to those who sit (at home). To each, Allâh has promised good (
b. Fardhu ‘Ain
The verdict becomes Fardhu ‘Ain (Full obligation) in some following conditions:
i. If the Imam/Caliph mobilizes the war for groups of Muslim citizens.
The verdict becomes Fardhu ‘Ain for those groups of Muslims who have the ability to do Jihad with their own power.
Ibn Abbas may Allah be pleased to him narrated, the Apostle of Allah peace be upon him said in the day of opening of
The meaning of this Hadith: “If you are asked by the Imam to go to war, so go for it.”
Ibn Hajar said “And in that Hadith contains full obligation (fardhu ‘ain) to go to war for the chosen person by the Imam.
ii. If two fleets facing each other
If the Muslims fleet and the unbelievers facing each other, the verdict is fardhu ‘ain for all Muslims in that condition. It is haram (unlawful) to turn the way back to the unbelievers and flee from the Muslims fleet. Allah the Most Exalted said:
[008:015] O you who believe! When you meet those who disbelieve, in a battlefield, never turn your backs to them.
[008:016] And whoever turns his back to them on such a day Рunless it be a stratagem of war, or to retreat to a troop (of his own), Рhe indeed has drawn upon himself wrath from All̢h. And his abode is Hell, and worst indeed is that destination!
iii. If the enemy attacks Muslim territory
If the enemy attacks Muslim territory so the Jihad becomes fardhu ‘ain for the citizens of that territory. If the people in that territory isn’t able to face to enemy, so the obligation widen for the Muslims who are near to that territory, if they aren’t able to face the enemy, the obligation is also for the Muslims next to them until they are able to face them. If Muslims around that territory aren’t capable also, so the Jihad is fardhu ‘ain for all the Muslims in the whole world
.Ad Dasuki (From Mahzab Hanafi) said: “In confront the enemy ambush, everyone has to do it compulsorily, including women, slaves, and children even without permission from the husbands, walie (person who’s responsible over them), and the person has the credit.
c. The Issues over Jihad nowadays
Jihad will not be over until the last day, it’s believed by the Muslims all over the world. And we also have to understand that in this world today people are using different ways in doing Jihad. In prophet’s time, there was no ammunition, gun, tank, aircraft, and submarine, but nowadays we can find all those things all over the world. Those weapons will make bigger destruction and more casualties, so we really need to think of this stuff.
In these days, Jihad has been fought in many parts of the Muslim lands. In South East Asia there have been wars in Pattani, Poso, Ambon, and
In other side, the Muslims (Mujahideen) are accused to be the terrorists, they were captured, tortured, murdered and imprisoned. Yet, the Muslims were attacked and surrounded by the invaders (kuffar) in their lands, but finally the Muslims won in many battles. And now in some nations, the Muslims are still fighting the kuffar, such as
Suicide Bombing
Suicide bombing is a way of fighting the enemy by exploding the bomb along with the bomber in the same time. This is one of the most famous ways of fighting done by young Mujahideen, especially in
An expert Mujahid in Afghan war and the teacher of Abu Mus’ab Az Zarkhowi, Abu Muhammad al Maqdisi who wrote his book while he was in prison. The book is “Waqafaat ma’a tsamaraati Jihad” which discusses a lot about the evaluations of Jihad’s actions nowadays. The book is translated into
In this book he stressed in several points, suicide bombing is one of them. In the Indonesian version, in the first chapter “Salah Memahami Sasaran Jihad” the author explained little bit about “suicide bombing” and its verdict. In this first chapter, the author also made some limitations in doing suicide bombing. Here is some limitation:
- The Mujahideen should understand the verdicts of Jihad well
- The Mujahideen are allowed to kill the Muslims who are made to be the shield or protector by the enemies, as long as the benefit is bigger than the loss.
- The Mujahidin are not supposed to do suicide bombing when they are still able to use another ways (e.g. using guns and other weapons). Usually when some guys explode themselves in order to kill their enemies, they also killed the Muslims around them. Sometimes they don’t even kill the enemies, but their Muslims brothers and sisters get killed. It’s a big loss for the Muslim and Muslim world. E.g. suicide bombing in
- The Mujahideen should not kill the innocent Muslims while doing suicide bombing. In the fact, there are many cases of suicide bombings and the casualties mostly are from the Muslims.
The Mujahideen who mostly do suicide bombing are the people who are so tempted to do it after seeing the victory of expert Mujahideen in doing suicide bombings. The expert Mujahideen do suicide bombing and other ambush very carefully, especially in the application of Jihad’s verdicts. E.g. they should not kill the women, children and elders even if they are infidels, moreover killing the Muslims who are very honorable in the sight of Allah.
The young Mujahideen usually don’t quite understand the verdicts of Jihad, but they have a good intention and courage to do it. This is the reason why some of them get lost and captured by the infidels (kuffar) or make bad the image of Islam and the Muslims. They are probably even going to harm their Muslims by doing some wrong actions, such as doing suicide bombing in the market to kill one or two enemies, where the Muslims are there.
This is a Hadith of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, under the authority of Abu Huraira, Prophet Muhammad said (in meaning):
“Those who attack, then they hit the good or bad people, they don’t avoid in hitting the Muslims or people who seek protection from the Muslims, they are not in my group” in other Hadith “and I am not in their group”. (Related by Imam Muslim).
And inshaAllah we will keep praying and struggling for Islam and Muslims. And we also pray for the success of the Mujahideen in fighting the kuffar in
There are still many discussions and explanations about the Verdict of Suicide Bombing in many books and forums. So the writer recommend the readers to read more books and follow the discussion, the readers also should read the book “Mereka Mujahid Tapi Salah Langkah” or the original “Waqafaat ma’a tsamaraati Jihad”. The explanations above might not be complete, so the readers should read, listen and ask for more information and different views.
C. The Importance of Spirit of Jihad
Jihad will not be done without the Spirit of Jihad, the main of the problems of the Muslims is losing the spirit of Jihad. People are afraid to speak up for the truth and justice, because they are going to be terrorized and accused to be terrorists. And even their Muslim brothers and sisters called those people as terrorist. Verily, the people who are called the “terrorists” are the true heroes for the Muslims.
If we see nowadays people don’t really care about their Muslim brothers and sisters who are being killed and oppressed. For example, in
D. Relationship between Brotherhood and Spirit of Jihad
Those who join in the worship of Allah produce a Brotherhood that embodies the best moral values of the faith: Mercy, compassion, fear of Allah, piety, and justice. It is a Solid Cemented Structure [As-Saff, 61:4], a tremendous force in the service of Right and against Wrong. Its members are to help each other in righteousness and piety but not in sin and rancor [Al-Maida 5:2]. They are to be "strong against unbelievers but compassionate amongst each other [Al-Fat-h 48:29]. They do not do injustice to others nor do they tolerate any injustice to themselves. In their love and concern for each other, all members of this Brotherhood are one body: when any part of the body suffers, the whole body feels the pain [Sahih Muslim].
This is the relationship between Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad, when people care to another they’ll sacrifice for them. They’ll give their wealth, strength, thoughts, time, and everything to their brothers and sisters. Without Brotherhood, it’s hard to have spirit of Jihad, and without spirit of Jihad it’s also hard to create Brotherhood. Let’s take an example, there is Jihad going on in Mindanao, a territory of the
Just think, what will happen if this umma doesn’t have feeling of Brotherhood and spirit of struggling, these people are going to be cut up into pieces. Its wealth is going to be taken by the unbelievers, its women are going to be taken, its mosques are going to be destroyed and so forth. That’s why, it’s really important to maintain the spirit of Jihad and sense of togetherness.
With these two things, we are going to reach the golden ages, just like our ancestors had reached. They were the most powerful power on earth, the wealthiest among the people of the world, the smartest of them, the best of them, and the most obedient to God. And just like what the Prophet Muhammad wanted us to take hold our iman (faith) and keep holding the guidance from the Qur’an and Hadith.
Those two things are going to create the Jihad to dignify the umma and make us the people in this world for ever. But if we forget it even for a moment, we are going to be humiliated and kicked out from our rights. And may Allah the Greatest will help us to get our dignity back. Wallau a’lam bish showab
Chapter III
Discussion of the Problems
A. The Condition of Brotherhood in Assalaam Community
Assalaam Islamic Modern Boarding School is a school which uses boarding house system. So the students must stay inside the boarding school while they are still in Middle and High School. It seems quite complicated to understand, and people also call Assalaam as a super big family. The family where people can find the Javanese, Banjar, Acehnese, Betawi, Sundanese, Balinese, and many others blend together in a small square place. There are more than 2.000 students, hundreds of teachers, hundreds of employees, tens of preachers and many other who take part in this community.
Among the students, they have gaps and groups. The students don’t really blend with another kids form different groups and gaps. For example, Fulan is in fifth grader, he only plays with the fifth graders. And Fulana is in certain group; of course she will only hang out with that group. And this sight can be seen in every corner of Assalaam boarding school.
This condition makes the Brotherhood in Assalaam community quite hard to be found, especially among the students. People don’t really care to the others except from their own gaps. And they are willing to help and support their friends even though they are wrong. The justice and truth is not the first to be supported. This is because the Brotherhood is not based on Islamic morality and justice. From this condition the corruption arises, and it will grow bigger and bigger until it reaches the highest level in the community.
It’s also a concern for the teachers and parents. The parents send their children in this Boarding School so that their children can get better education and moral value. In other hand, the teachers and guardians are trying to do their best to help the students to be good at everything, especially in Islamic stuff. And the problem will come to one main point, bad social intercourse. Sometimes students in Assalaam boarding school get bad friends and bad dormitory condition; it’s the cause of their main problem in this boarding school. It’s just going around and around, it seems like the problem is always caused by the lack of Islamic Brotherhood, spirit of Jihad, and understanding of Islamic law.
In order to know more about the condition of Brotherhood in this community, the writer made inquiry and did spread research paper to some occupants of Assalaam. There were some questions given to the audiences, they are:
- Do you know the meaning of Islamic Brotherhood?
- What is the condition of Islamic Brotherhood in Assalaam community?
- How important is Islamic Brotherhood for you?
Here is the information from the polling dealing with Brotherhood in Assalaam community:
1. (Do you know the meaning of Islamic Brotherhood?)
i. 51% of the people said that they know
ii. 28% of the people are unsure about the meaning
iii. 21% of the people don’t know the meaning
2. (What is the condition of Islamic Brotherhood in Assalaam community?)
iv. 17.5% of the people said that it’s good
v. 70% of the people said that it’s not that good
vi. 10.5% of the people said that it’s bad
vii. 2% of the people don’t know
3. (How important is Islamic Brotherhood for you?)
viii. 75.5% of the people said that it’s extremely important
ix. 19.5% the people said that it’s important
x. 0% of the people said that it’s not too important
xi. 0% of the people said that it’s not important at all
xii. The rest said that they don’t know
In that inquiry, there were 57 participants (female and male students and teachers) who filled up the research paper. That inquiry was made in the month of Ramadan 1429 Hijri. There are many comments given to the question number one. The participants have various arguments and comment about eh condition of Brotherhood in Assalaam. Although, the majority said that the seniority, gaps and misunderstanding became the major factors of this condition. It’s very clear that the teachers and guardians (musyrif/musyrifah) don’t communicate much with the students (santri). The seniors would treat the smaller kids badly, it also makes tremendous hatred among them.
Some female students said that Assalaam needs to smile. It means people of Assalaam should smile to one another. Some said that the students just don’t care to another and the guardians (musyfir/musyrifah) never motivate the students to make better relationship among them. Some also said that their parents never tell them or give them good example.
Some male students and teachers said that the Brotherhood is good enough. Although in some cases, it’s not based on Islamic morality. It finally makes unhealthy Brotherhood and relationship. Those students are willing to help their friends (from one gap), even if they are guilty of something. They will not tell the friends who violate the rules to the teachers or guardians. They will possibly stay quiet.
According to some other comments, the kids of Assalaam are so westernized. It’s very clear if we see the way they talk (using swear words), cloth, eat and do other stuff. It’s a big contrast with the kids who have Muslim Indonesian style. Usually these two groups don’t get along very well. Because they don’t have the same style and even some of them have different ideology.
Besides all those problems, Assalaam should be proud because in general its Brotherhood and togetherness are a lot better from what we can find outside the boarding school. This boarding school is also able to build sense of solidarity amongst its occupants. Although, it’s not that strong as it should be. It’s an obligation for all of the occupants who live in Assalaam to make better relationships amongst them.
B. The Condition of Spirit of Jihad in Assalaam Community
The word “Jihad” isn’t uncommon word to the student and others occupants in Assalaam community. Although, people have different understanding about it, some do love it and some think that it’s unnecessary. This led into some clashes of thinking in a small level. For an example, the students who are members of certain groups often think that preparation of Jihad (I’dad) isn’t necessary. In the other hand, it’s so different for the students of Lastri (Pandu Islam Asadullah), it’s really important to be preparing for Jihad. They thinking based on the verses:
[008:060] And make ready against them all you can of power, including steeds of war (tanks, planes, missiles, artillery) to threaten thereby the enemy of Allâh and your enemy, and others besides them, whom you may not know, (but) whom Allâh does know. And whatever you shall spend in the Cause of Allâh, shall be repaid to you, and you shall not be treated unjustly.
It’s the true thinking according to the Qur’an. As Muslims we have to be prepared for the war (Jihad) anytime. And when people are preparing for Jihad, in the same time, they are creating the spirit of Jihad in their soul. Preparing for Jihad (I’dad) in Assalaam doesn’t have to consider as Lastri, students can also do it in other clubs. They are still able to prepare for it while they are in martial art clubs, karate, and so forth.
In order to know more about the condition of spirit of Jihad in this community, the writer made inquiry and did spread research paper to some occupants of Assalaam. There were some questions given to the audiences, they are:
- Do you know the meaning of Jihad?
- What is the condition of spirit of Jihad in Assalaam?
- How important is spirit of Jihad for you?
- Do you catch up with Jihad news nowadays?
Here is the information from the polling dealing with Brotherhood in Assalaam community:
1. (Do you know the meaning of Jihad?)
xiii. 53% of the people know the meaning of Jihad
xiv. 32% of the people are unsure about the meaning of Jihad
xv. 15% of the people don’t know the meaning of Jihad
2. (What is the condition of spirit of Jihad in Assalaam?)
xvi. 21% of people think it’s in good condition
xvii. 61% of people think it’s not quite good
xviii. 18% of the people think it’s bad
3. (How important is spirit of Jihad for you?)
xix. 68% of people think it’s extremely for them
xx. 30% of the people think it’s important for them
xxi. 2% of the people think it’s not important for them
B. (Do you catch up with Jihad news nowadays)
i. 23% of people catch up with Jihad news
ii. 32% of people are not sure about it
iii. 45% of people don’t catch up with Jihad news
After seeing the result of the research paper (angket) from the male-female students and teachers, the writer got a lot of comments and suggestions about the condition of Jihad in Assalaam community. Most people say that the spirit of Jihad is very weak. Some people don’t even understand about Jihad at all. The majority of people don’t know Jihad news these days. Some don’t know anything about
Female students and female teachers gave some comments about the spirit of Jihad in Assalaam. There are many factors that make the spirit of Jihad in Assalaam so weak. Some of them say that the guardians (musyrifah) don’t motivate them to have such a spirit, so it doesn’t show up in Assalaam. Some say that most students don’t understand the meaning of Jihad, it’s proven by the polling that 47% of people are not sure or having no understanding of the meaning of Jihad. A small number of people don’t even think about Jihad at all. Furthermore, they define Jihad according to their own thinking and desire without considering the Qur’an and Hadith.
Male students and male teachers have better understanding about Jihad than the ladies. Although, they agree that spirit of Jihad in Assalaam is still very low. It’s caused by the system of boarding school which is not comparable to Jihadis ideology. In the fact, Assalaam boarding school is quite liberal in some cases; this boarding school doesn’t really support Jihad education to its students. Besides the system, it’s also caused by the students who are not so tough to themselves. They’d like better to sleep or having fun than learning and preparation for Jihad. Some other students have different view, they think Assalaam still has good spirit of Jihad. The reason is because of the existence of Lastri (Pandu Islam Asadullah). They say that this club is the only club which has strong spirit of Jihad.
From those comments and views we know that spirit of Jihad and Islamic Brotherhood need to be improved. Although it’s very important, we didn’t really see those as important stuff. So in the following sub-chapter, the writer is going to explain more about the importance of Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad in Assalaam community.
C. The Importance of Brotherhood and Spirit of Jihad in Assalaam
Assalaam is a complex system, it consists many people from different backgrounds. And to maintain a good educational system, it needs a tool. The best tool is preserving the Brotherhood/ without having good Brotherhood, Assalaam will not run very well. Besides that, Assalaam is also facing other main problem, laziness. It’s caused by the lack of spirit of struggling, spirit of Jihad. If everybody in Assalaam has good spirit of Jihad, there would not be any laziness in religious education. Then it will motivate the students to study other lessons, general lessons (Math, Physics, Sociology and so forth)
Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad always came together in the golden age of Islam. We know the history of Avicenna (Ibn Sinna), Ave Rousd (Ibn Rushd), Algebra (Al Jabber), El Khawarizmi and other Muslim scientists. They lived in the golden age of Islam. At that time, the Islamic Caliphate was really strong, because the Muslims were nice and loved each their Muslim brothers and sisters. They also had very strong motivation to defeat the unbelievers (kuffar).
In the time of Ibn Taimiyah and Ibn Qoyyim al Jauziyah, the Muslims were under the oppression of the Mongols. Their time was a dark time of the Muslims, because they forgot their Brotherhood and left their spirit of Jihad. Afterwards, the Muslim scholars motivated the Muslim ummah to gain their independent from the Mongols by uniting the ummah and possessing the spirit of Jihad. Finally, the Muslims kicked off the Mongols from Muslim lands. It was a great victory.
We can relate the history of Muslims to our condition today so the students should respect and love each other. Students also have to respect the teachers and the teachers have to love the students as they should. People of Assalaam in general also have to care to the condition of the Muslims in other parts of the world. People should care about their brothers and sisters being killed in
After considering Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad, inshaAllah, Assalaam will become more prosperous. Its students are also going to be strong Muslim generation of the future. They will lead the world with the light of Allah and convince the people to establish the low of Allah in the whole world. It’s the goal of Assalaam in general.
D. Teaching of Jihad
The very first thing to do a matter is to know it well, we can’t do something perfectly without knowing it well. So it goes with Jihad, without good understanding of it, Jihad will not be done well. So we need a bridge to make it through, it’s the system of teaching. And Assalaam needs this, without applying good system of teaching we will not have good understanding of Jihad in Assalaam. Here are some methods make the students understand more about Jihad.
a. Setting the Mindset
We can use the term Brain Washing in this section, it’s in positive meaning, I mean we need to give the students doctrines about the stuff. We also should give the students news about Jihad each day, the true news from Muslim media. We can gain the valid news from Islamic sites, e.g. www.arrahmah.com, www.aljazeera.com, www.islam-online.net, www.islamtomorrow.com, and so forth. By giving doctrines and news to the students we will set their mind to love and head their mind to the Jihadis way and mindset.
b. System of Teaching
We realize that this school does not give enough lessons the students about Jihad, so we found the reality that our students are not so attentive to the Jihadis matters and Mujahideen in their struggle. We need to have a lesson in the class which discuss about Jihad (I’dad, Jihad, and Da’wah). We should also teach the students about the importance of I’dad (preparation before doing Jihad), Da’wah (conveying the word of Allah), and Jihad itself. That is all can be found in Fiqh Jihad (the subject that discuss fully about Jihad).
c. Providing Books and Media
In teaching learning most of our matters we need books. So does Jihad, students need book which discusses about it and also the media to support the training of Jihad. The Boarding School should provide the equipment to do such a martial art, karate, and Muslim scout (Laskar). By providing the tools to make this it through, inshaAllah, the spirit of Jihad in
Chapter .IV
Closing
A. Conclusion
1. Everything should be based on good intention and true guidance of The Prophet Muhammad
2. Brotherhood in
3. The system of teaching is not comparable with Jihad learning.
4. The news of Jihad is barely given to the students, so the students have no valid information about Jihad in the world nowadays.
5. The students don’t really care about Jihad learning and news nowadays.
6. Assalaam needs media to improve the Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad.
7. Providing the equipment of Jihadis training will improve students’ spirit of Jihad.
8. Give in news about Jihad which is going around this time will also improve the spirit of Jihad
9. Making a good system in teaching Jihad will also deepen the students’ understanding about it.
B. Suggestion
1. The condition of Brotherhood in Assalaam should be improved. The Brotherhood also should be based on Islamic teaching and moral values. So the bad things will not occur in the community. Assalaam should always watch and take care of its system in order to preserve the existence of ideal Brotherhood.
2. The condition of spirit of Jihad in Assalaam should be improved also. Its condition is very weak. Most female students don’t catch up with Jihad news nowadays. And the male students have more access about Jihad news in many ways. In general, we need to improve the facility and make better system to teach more about Jihad to the students. Using good system which is comparable to the Jihad teaching and actions will help this boarding school to solve many of its problems.
3. In order to improve the quality of education and religious knowledge, Assalaam has to combine the Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad together. The one will not run well without the other.
4. Jihad teaching should be given to the students, such as: I’dad (preparation), the verdict of Jihad (Ahkamul Jihad), profiles of the Mujahideen, and Jihad news.
5. Providing good system and condition to preserve the Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad is really needed in
6. Teachers and guardians must convince the students to preserve the Brotherhood and spirit of Jihad by giving example about it.
7. The boarding school should also provide the need of training, such as martial art, karate, Muslim scout (laskar) so the spirit of Jihad in Assalaam can be improved.
8. The boarding school should also provide the valid news about Jihad and Mujahideen each period of time.
Bibliography
Al Maqdisi, Abu Muhammad, 2007. Mereka Mujahid Tapi Salah Langkah. ……
Al-Hilaaleeand, Ph.D. Dr. Muhammad Taqiuddeen and Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan, ......2000. Translation of Holy Qur’an.
Hornby, A.S, 1994.
McLean Bill, Translation of Shahih al Bukhary. www.mclean.faithweb.com
McLean Bill, Translation of Shahih Muslim. www.mclean.faithweb.com
Shadily, Hasan and John Echol, 1998. An Indonesian – English Dictionary. ……
geocities.com/ks_blitz/definasi_dan_peringkat2.htm
geocities.com/ks_blitz/hukum_Jihad.htm
geocities.com/ks_blitz/makna_Jihad_dalam_Al_Quran.htm
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name : Umar Ibrohim
Nick name : Ibrohim or Boim
Date of birth :
Address : Pajang, Banjarsari,
Phone : +62852291366611
Email address : umar.ibrohim@rocketmail.com
Yahoo Messenger: umar.ibrohim
Friendster/Facebook/MSN: umaribrohim@hotmail.com
Blog: ailovislam.wordpress.com
Education:
· Pertiwi Kindergarten of Bumi
· Bumi 01 Elementary School
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Organization Experience:
· Chief of Uneco Consulate
· Chief of
· Chief of Language Improvement Council
· Member of Farois Surakarta
· Secretary of Sanpala
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